{
 "schema": "rutanamex.state.v1",
 "company": "CONSULTING (Rutanamex)",
 "built_by": "261103 COS120B",
 "checked": "2026-11-03",
 "code": "28",
 "iso": "MX-TAM",
 "slug": "tamaulipas",
 "name": {
  "en": "Tamaulipas",
  "es": "Tamaulipas"
 },
 "capital": "Ciudad Victoria",
 "accent": "#F4A261",
 "corridor": {
  "chapter": 13,
  "en": "The Texas-Facing North",
  "es": "El norte que mira a Texas",
  "with": [
   "MX-CHH",
   "MX-COA",
   "MX-NLE"
  ],
  "colour": "#F4A261",
  "book": {
   "en": "Where to Go in Mexico (Connected Continents Press, 2026), chapter 13",
   "es": "Dónde ubicarse en México (Connected Continents Press, 2026) (capítulo 13)"
  }
 },
 "region": {
  "id": "texas-facing-north",
  "chapter": 13,
  "en": "The Texas-Facing North",
  "es": "El norte que mira a Texas",
  "colour": "#F4A261",
  "book": {
   "en": "Where to Go in Mexico (Connected Continents Press, 2026), chapter 13",
   "es": "Dónde ubicarse en México (Connected Continents Press, 2026) (capítulo 13)"
  }
 },
 "tagline": {
  "en": "Tamaulipas is Mexico's sixth-largest exporter.",
  "es": "Tamaulipas es el sexto exportador del país."
 },
 "read": {
  "en": "Its crossings handle heavy goods bound for Texas, and a newcomer will find workers and buildings in Matamoros but should ask why they’re available.",
  "es": "Sus cruces sirven a los bienes pesados con destino a Texas, y quien llega a Matamoros, de otro estado o de fuera, encontrará trabajadores y naves, pero debe preguntar por qué están disponibles."
 },
 "figures": [
  {
   "key": "population",
   "value": 3611225,
   "unit": "people in private dwellings",
   "period": "2025",
   "src": "eic2025"
  },
  {
   "key": "median_age",
   "value": 32.5,
   "unit": "years",
   "period": "2025",
   "src": "eic2025"
  },
  {
   "key": "gdp_share",
   "value": 2.99,
   "unit": "% of national output",
   "period": "2024",
   "src": "pibe",
   "derived": true
  },
  {
   "key": "exports_2025",
   "value": 36803.4,
   "unit": "million US$",
   "period": "2025",
   "src": "etef2025",
   "derived": true
  },
  {
   "key": "formal_jobs",
   "value": 676530,
   "unit": "private formal jobs",
   "period": "2026-07",
   "src": "lokus",
   "change_pct": -2.5
  },
  {
   "key": "informality",
   "value": 44.4,
   "unit": "% of the employed",
   "period": "Q2 2026",
   "src": "enoe",
   "national": 55.1
  },
  {
   "key": "area_km2",
   "value": 80249.3,
   "unit": "km2",
   "period": "2016",
   "src": "wiki_area"
  },
  {
   "key": "unemployment",
   "value": 3.2,
   "period": "Q2 2026",
   "src": "enoe",
   "national": 2.7
  },
  {
   "key": "daily_wage",
   "value": 705.86,
   "period": "2026-07",
   "src": "lokus",
   "national": 673.9,
   "rank": 6,
   "unit": "pesos a day"
  },
  {
   "key": "exports_q2_2026",
   "value": 9362.6,
   "period": "Q2 2026",
   "src": "etef609",
   "national": 195260.7,
   "rank": 7,
   "change_pct": -2.8,
   "unit": "million US$"
  },
  {
   "key": "fdi_2025",
   "value": 59.1,
   "period": "2025",
   "src": "se_rnie",
   "national": 40870.8,
   "unit": "million US$"
  },
  {
   "key": "imco_rank",
   "value": 11,
   "period": "2026",
   "src": "imco",
   "rank": 11
  },
  {
   "key": "payroll_tax",
   "value": 3.0,
   "period": "2026",
   "src": "payroll",
   "unit": "% of payroll"
  },
  {
   "key": "mpi_rank",
   "value": 10,
   "period": "2026",
   "src": "peace",
   "rank": 10
  },
  {
   "key": "advisory_level",
   "value": 4,
   "period": "2026-05",
   "src": "peace"
  },
  {
   "key": "business_crime",
   "value": 1756,
   "period": "2023",
   "src": "enve",
   "national": 2722,
   "rank": 32
  },
  {
   "key": "activity_q1_2026",
   "value": 5.3,
   "unit": "% change on a year",
   "period": "Q1 2026",
   "src": "itaee"
  }
 ],
 "sectors": {
  "period": "2024",
  "src": "pibe_state",
  "parts": [
   {
    "en": "Services",
    "es": "Servicios",
    "pct": 51.7,
    "growth": 2.3
   },
   {
    "en": "Industry: manufacturing, construction, energy, mining",
    "es": "Industria: manufactura, construcción, energía, minería",
    "pct": 39.2,
    "growth": 2.9
   },
   {
    "en": "Agriculture, livestock, fishing",
    "es": "Agricultura, ganadería, pesca",
    "pct": 2.7,
    "growth": -4.3
   },
   {
    "en": "Taxes on products, net",
    "es": "Impuestos netos a los productos",
    "pct": 6.4,
    "derived": true
   }
  ]
 },
 "places": [
  {
   "kind": "city",
   "name": "Ciudad Victoria",
   "lat": 23.73611,
   "lon": -99.14611,
   "es_name": "Ciudad Victoria",
   "en": "The capital: 332,100 people (2020)",
   "es": "La capital: 332,100 habitantes (2020)",
   "src": "wiki_places",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Mexico"
  },
  {
   "kind": "city",
   "name": "Reynosa",
   "lat": 26.09222,
   "lon": -98.27778,
   "es_name": "Reynosa",
   "en": "City: 691,557 people (2020)",
   "es": "Ciudad: 691,557 habitantes (2020)",
   "src": "wiki_places",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Mexico"
  },
  {
   "kind": "city",
   "name": "Matamoros",
   "lat": 25.87972,
   "lon": -97.50417,
   "es_name": "Matamoros",
   "en": "City: 510,739 people (2020)",
   "es": "Ciudad: 510,739 habitantes (2020)",
   "src": "wiki_places",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Mexico"
  },
  {
   "kind": "airport",
   "name": "General Lucio Blanco International Airport (Reynosa)",
   "es_name": "Aeropuerto Internacional General Lucio Blanco (Reynosa)",
   "code": "REX",
   "lat": null,
   "lon": null,
   "en": "International airport (REX) · 442,464 passengers in 2025",
   "es": "Aeropuerto internacional (REX) · 442,464 pasajeros en 2025",
   "src": "wiki_places",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reynosa_International_Airport"
  },
  {
   "kind": "airport",
   "name": "General Francisco Javier Mina International Airport (Tampico)",
   "es_name": "Aeropuerto Internacional General Francisco Javier Mina (Tampico)",
   "code": "TAM",
   "lat": 22.29639,
   "lon": -97.86583,
   "en": "International airport (TAM) · 611,494 passengers in 2025",
   "es": "Aeropuerto internacional (TAM) · 611,494 pasajeros en 2025",
   "src": "wiki_places",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampico_International_Airport"
  },
  {
   "kind": "airport",
   "name": "Quetzalcóatl International Airport (Nuevo Laredo)",
   "es_name": "Aeropuerto Internacional Quetzalcóatl (Nuevo Laredo)",
   "code": "NLD",
   "lat": 27.44389,
   "lon": -99.57056,
   "en": "International airport (NLD) · 167,165 passengers in 2025",
   "es": "Aeropuerto internacional (NLD) · 167,165 pasajeros en 2025",
   "src": "wiki_places",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuevo_Laredo_International_Airport"
  },
  {
   "kind": "airport",
   "name": "General Servando Canales International Airport (Matamoros)",
   "es_name": "Aeropuerto Internacional General Servando Canales (Matamoros)",
   "code": "MAM",
   "lat": null,
   "lon": null,
   "en": "International airport (MAM) · 107,489 passengers in 2025",
   "es": "Aeropuerto internacional (MAM) · 107,489 pasajeros en 2025",
   "src": "wiki_places",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Servando_Canales_International_Airport"
  },
  {
   "kind": "port",
   "name": "Port of Altamira",
   "es_name": "Puerto de Altamira",
   "lat": 22.467,
   "lon": -97.85,
   "en": "Commercial seaport",
   "es": "Puerto marítimo comercial",
   "src": "wiki_places",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_of_Altamira"
  },
  {
   "kind": "port",
   "name": "Port of Tampico",
   "es_name": "Puerto de Tampico",
   "lat": 22.267,
   "lon": -97.767,
   "en": "Commercial seaport",
   "es": "Puerto marítimo comercial",
   "src": "wiki_places",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_of_Tampico"
  },
  {
   "kind": "border",
   "name": "Nuevo Laredo-Laredo, Texas (World Trade Bridge)",
   "lat": null,
   "lon": null,
   "en": "Border crossing: Nuevo Laredo, facing Laredo, Texas (World Trade Bridge) · commercial trucks",
   "es": "Cruce fronterizo: Nuevo Laredo, frente a Laredo, Texas (World Trade Bridge) · camiones de carga",
   "src": "wiki_places",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Bridge"
  },
  {
   "kind": "border",
   "name": "Reynosa-Pharr, Texas (Pharr-Reynosa Bridge)",
   "lat": 26.07,
   "lon": -98.21,
   "en": "Border crossing: Reynosa, facing Pharr, Texas (Pharr-Reynosa Bridge) · commercial trucks",
   "es": "Cruce fronterizo: Reynosa, frente a Pharr, Texas (Pharr-Reynosa Bridge) · camiones de carga",
   "src": "wiki_places",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharr–Reynosa_International_Bridge"
  },
  {
   "kind": "border",
   "name": "Matamoros-Brownsville, Texas (Veterans International Bridge)",
   "lat": null,
   "lon": null,
   "en": "Border crossing: Matamoros, facing Brownsville, Texas (Veterans International Bridge) · commercial trucks",
   "es": "Cruce fronterizo: Matamoros, frente a Brownsville, Texas (Veterans International Bridge) · camiones de carga",
   "src": "wiki_places",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veterans_International_Bridge"
  },
  {
   "kind": "rail",
   "name": "CPKC (Kansas City Southern de México), 5,335 km",
   "en": "Rail line serving the state",
   "es": "Línea de ferrocarril que sirve al estado",
   "src": "wiki_places",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Southern_de_México"
  },
  {
   "kind": "power",
   "name": "Power and water",
   "es_name": "Electricidad y agua",
   "en": "Drought covered 25.6% of municipalities in January 2026 and 14% by the end of July, according to CONAGUA’s monitor, and the 1944 water treaty draws on the state’s Río Bravo. Chapter 6 compares power tariffs.",
   "es": "La sequía cubrió el 25.6% de los municipios en enero de 2026 y el 14% a fines de julio, según el monitor de la CONAGUA, y el tratado de aguas de 1944 toma agua del río Bravo del estado. El capítulo 6 compara las tarifas eléctricas.",
   "src": "b6p5"
  },
  {
   "kind": "logistics",
   "name": "Logistics and crossings",
   "es_name": "Logística y cruces",
   "en": "Laredo, facing Nuevo Laredo, handled 2,945,388 northbound trucks in 2025; Hidalgo, facing Reynosa, handled 719,184, according to USA transportation statistics; Altamira moved 887,101 TEU in 2025.",
   "es": "Laredo, frente a Nuevo Laredo, recibió 2,945,388 camiones con dirección norte en 2025; Hidalgo, frente a Reynosa, 719,184, según las estadísticas de transporte de Estados Unidos. Altamira movió 887,101 TEU en 2025.",
   "src": "b6p5"
  },
  {
   "kind": "park",
   "name": "Development pole",
   "es_name": "Polo de desarrollo",
   "en": "The Altamira pole was declared in the Diario Oficial on October 21, 2025.",
   "es": "El polo de Altamira se declaró en el Diario Oficial el 21 de octubre de 2025.",
   "src": "b6p5"
  }
 ],
 "investors": [
  {
   "name": "Tridonex",
   "date": "2026-01",
   "en": "A Matamoros reporter said on January 28, 2026, that Tridonex was closing its branch in the city and that workers were guarding the company’s assets to secure their severance.",
   "es": "Un reportero de Matamoros dijo el 28 de enero de 2026 que Tridonex estaba cerrando su sucursal en la ciudad y que los trabajadores cuidaban los bienes de la empresa para asegurar su liquidación.",
   "src": "b6c13"
  }
 ],
 "text": {
  "identity": {
   "en": "Tamaulipas began as Nuevo Santander, a province of New Spain from 1746, settled under José de Escandón, whose towns along the Rio Grande included Reynosa, Camargo and Mier. Tampico, founded in 1554, was the first permanent Spanish settlement, and the railway later brought significant growth to Matamoros and Nuevo Laredo. Today manufacturing leads: Reynosa is the largest maquiladora centre in north-eastern Mexico and Matamoros the second in the state, while the south has petrochemical plants around Altamira, a principal Gulf container port, and a refinery in Ciudad Madero. Nuevo Laredo is Mexico's most important land border crossing. Farms grow sorghum, maize, citrus and sugarcane. The state's name is thought to come from the Huastec Tamaholipa, and the Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas has its main campus in Ciudad Victoria.",
   "es": "Tamaulipas nació como Nuevo Santander, provincia de la Nueva España desde 1746, poblada con las villas que fundó José de Escandón tras su llegada en 1732. Tampico, fundado en 1554, fue el primer asentamiento español permanente, y se piensa que el nombre del estado viene del huasteco Tamholipa. Hoy la manufactura es la actividad principal: Reynosa es el mayor centro maquilador del noreste de México, y Matamoros, el segundo del estado. Nuevo Laredo es la frontera terrestre más importante de México. En el sur, Altamira es el primer puerto nacional en manejo de fluidos petroquímicos, y Ciudad Madero tiene la única refinería del estado. El campo produce sorgo, maíz, cítricos y caña. La Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas tiene su campus principal en Ciudad Victoria."
  },
  "industry": {
   "en": "INEGI reported that the state accounted for 7.4% of export-plant employment in July 2026 and found its economy 5.3% larger in the first quarter of 2026, the second-fastest. Foreign investment totaled $59.1 million in 2025, according to the Secretaría de Economía.",
   "es": "El INEGI le dio al estado el 7.4% del empleo en plantas de exportación en julio de 2026 y encontró su economía 5.3% mayor en el primer trimestre de 2026, la segunda más rápida. La inversión extranjera fue de 59.1 millones de dólares en 2025, según la Secretaría de Economía."
  },
  "people": {
   "en": "INEGI put unemployment at 3.2% in the second quarter of 2026, against 2.7 nationally, and informality at 44.4%, against 55.1. Lokus Data’s IMSS count showed 676,530 formal jobs in July 2026, down 2.5% year over year.",
   "es": "El INEGI situó el desempleo en 3.2% en el segundo trimestre de 2026, frente a 2.7 nacional, y la informalidad en 44.4%, frente a 55.1. El conteo del IMSS de Lokus Data mostró 676,530 empleos formales en julio de 2026, 2.5% menos en un año."
  },
  "wages": {
   "en": "The average daily contribution wage reached 705.86 pesos in July 2026 (Lokus Data), the sixth-highest, above the national average of 673.9 pesos for all IMSS-insured workers.",
   "es": "El salario base de cotización promedio diario llegó a 705.86 pesos en julio de 2026 (Lokus Data), el sexto más alto, arriba del promedio nacional de 673.9, que cubre a todos los trabajadores asegurados en el IMSS."
  },
  "security": {
   "en": "INEGI found 1,756 businesses per 10,000 victimized in 2023, Mexico’s lowest, compared with 2,722 nationally, and the Mexico Peace Index 2026 ranks it tenth most peaceful. The USA State Department’s May 29, 2026 advisory sets it at Level 4, don’t travel.",
   "es": "El INEGI encontró 1,756 de cada 10,000 unidades económicas víctimas de delito en 2023, la cifra más baja de México, frente a 2,722 nacional, y el Índice de Paz México 2026 lo coloca como el décimo más pacífico. La alerta de viaje del Departamento de Estado de Estados Unidos del 29 de mayo de 2026 le asigna el nivel 4, no viajar."
  },
  "government": {
   "en": "Payroll tax is 3.0% in 2026, by BHR. IMCO’s 2026 index ranks it 11th.",
   "es": "El impuesto sobre nóminas es de 3.0% en 2026, según BHR. El índice 2026 del IMCO lo coloca en el lugar 11."
  },
  "suits": {
   "en": "The Texas-facing North suits a manufacturer that ships heavy or time-sensitive goods to the United States, needs a deep supplier base in automotive, appliances, or electronics, and can pay the region’s wages for experienced people. It suits a supplier following a customer already there. It suits less well a company that needs much water, since the main aquifers have none to grant; a large new electrical load that can’t wait 1 to 2 years for a substation; a labor-intensive plant whose margin depends on low wages; and a product sold mainly in central or southern Mexico, which gains nothing from Laredo. Chapter 21 weighs this corridor against the Bajío and the south.",
   "es": "El norte que mira a Texas le conviene a un fabricante, mexicano o extranjero, que embarca a Estados Unidos mercancía pesada o urgente, necesita una base de proveedores profunda en automotriz, electrodomésticos o electrónica y puede pagar los salarios de la región para contratar gente con experiencia. Le conviene a un proveedor que sigue a un cliente que ya está ahí. Le conviene menos a una empresa que necesita mucha agua, porque los acuíferos principales no tienen nada que otorgar; a una carga eléctrica nueva y grande que no puede esperar 1 o 2 años por una subestación; a una planta intensiva en mano de obra cuyo margen depende de salarios bajos, y a un producto que se vende sobre todo en el centro o el sur de México, que no gana nada con Laredo. El capítulo 21 pesa este corredor frente al Bajío y el sur."
  },
  "check": {
   "en": [
    "Get the substation answer in writing, from CFE and from the park, with a date.",
    "Get the water answer next: whether the site’s water comes from a title, the park, or treated supply, and what happened to the site in 2022.",
    "Ask the park and 2 neighboring plants for their monthly turnover and starting wage, and price housing and commuting for the people you’ll hire.",
    "Get crossing times by hour from your carrier and customs broker for the bridge you’ll use.",
    "And read every state figure for investment and jobs against the official table and the 5-year window in which announced jobs arrive."
   ],
   "es": [
    "Consiga por escrito la respuesta sobre la subestación, de la CFE y del parque, con fecha.",
    "Consiga después la respuesta sobre el agua: si el agua del sitio viene de un título, del parque o de agua tratada, y qué le pasó al sitio en 2022.",
    "Pregúntele al parque y a 2 plantas vecinas su rotación mensual y su salario de entrada, y ponga precio a la vivienda y al traslado de la gente que va a contratar.",
    "Consiga del transportista y del agente aduanal los tiempos de cruce por hora del puente que va a usar.",
    "Y lea cada cifra estatal de inversión y empleo frente a la tabla oficial y la ventana de 5 años en la que llegan los empleos anunciados."
   ]
  }
 },
 "landed": [
  {
   "en": "Laredo, Texas, accounted for about 39% of the border, more than the next 4 ports combined."
  },
  {
   "en": "Otay Mesa at Tijuana came second, followed by Hidalgo facing Reynosa, Ysleta at El Paso, Calexico East, Nogales, Eagle Pass, and Brownsville."
  }
 ],
 "images": [
  {
   "file": "tamaulipas-1.webp",
   "kind": "photo",
   "w": 800,
   "h": 320,
   "title": "Tampico, Centro Historico (12059306706)",
   "author": "Comisión Mexicana de Filmaciones from México D. F., México",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 2.0",
   "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0",
   "source": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tampico,_Centro_Historico_(12059306706).jpg",
   "date": "2005-03-04",
   "alt": {
    "en": "The historic centre of Tampico",
    "es": "El centro histórico de Tampico"
   },
   "caption": {
    "en": "The historic centre of Tampico",
    "es": "El centro histórico de Tampico"
   }
  },
  {
   "file": "tamaulipas-2.webp",
   "kind": "photo",
   "w": 676,
   "h": 563,
   "title": "Montaje de Victoria",
   "author": "Calixto8910",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
   "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0",
   "source": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Montaje_de_Victoria.jpg",
   "date": "2014-06-29",
   "alt": {
    "en": "Ciudad Victoria, the capital",
    "es": "Ciudad Victoria, la capital"
   },
   "caption": {
    "en": "Ciudad Victoria, the capital",
    "es": "Ciudad Victoria, la capital"
   }
  }
 ],
 "sources": {
  "eic2025": {
   "en": "INEGI, Encuesta Intercensal 2025 (people in private dwellings; median age from the tabulates)",
   "es": "INEGI, Encuesta Intercensal 2025 (población en viviendas particulares; edad mediana de los tabulados)",
   "published": "2026-09-22",
   "url": "https://www.inegi.org.mx/programas/intercensal/2025/"
  },
  "pibe": {
   "en": "INEGI, PIB por Entidad Federativa 2024, current prices; share our arithmetic over the national 33,506,847 million pesos",
   "es": "INEGI, PIB por Entidad Federativa 2024, precios corrientes; participación: cálculo propio sobre el total nacional de 33,506,847 millones de pesos",
   "published": "2025-12-05",
   "url": "https://www.inegi.org.mx/temas/pibent/"
  },
  "etef2025": {
   "en": "INEGI, Exportaciones Trimestrales por Entidad Federativa, the four quarters of 2025 summed (our arithmetic), preliminary",
   "es": "INEGI, Exportaciones Trimestrales por Entidad Federativa, suma de los cuatro trimestres de 2025 (cálculo propio), cifras preliminares",
   "published": "2026-03-31",
   "url": "https://www.inegi.org.mx/temas/exportacionesef/"
  },
  "wiki_area": {
   "en": "Wikipedia, List of states of Mexico, citing INEGI (continental area, 2016)",
   "es": "Wikipedia, List of states of Mexico, citando al INEGI (superficie continental, 2016)",
   "published": "2026-10-22",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_states_of_Mexico"
  },
  "b6p5": {
   "en": "Where to Go in Mexico (Connected Continents Press, 2026), Part V, with the sources listed there",
   "es": "Dónde ubicarse en México (Connected Continents Press, 2026), quinta parte, con las fuentes que ahí se citan",
   "published": "2026-11",
   "url": "https://connectedcontinentspress.com/book6/",
   "url_es": "https://connectedcontinentspress.com/libro6/"
  },
  "enoe": {
   "en": "INEGI, ENOE second quarter 2026, bulletin 503/26",
   "es": "INEGI, ENOE segundo trimestre de 2026, boletín 503/26",
   "published": "2026-08-25",
   "url": "https://www.inegi.org.mx/contenidos/saladeprensa/boletines/2026/enoe/enoe2026_08.pdf"
  },
  "lokus": {
   "en": "IMSS open data as processed by Lokus Data (private formal jobs and average daily contribution wage; the national wage of 673.9 pesos covers all IMSS-insured workers)",
   "es": "Datos abiertos del IMSS procesados por Lokus Data (empleo formal privado y salario diario promedio de cotización; el salario nacional de 673.9 pesos cubre a todos los asegurados del IMSS)",
   "published": "2026-07",
   "url": "https://plataforma.lokusdata.com/salarios/"
  },
  "b6c13": {
   "en": "Where to Go in Mexico (Connected Continents Press, 2026), chapter 13, The Texas-Facing North, with the sources listed there",
   "es": "Dónde ubicarse en México (Connected Continents Press, 2026), capítulo 13, El norte que mira a Texas, con las fuentes que ahí se citan",
   "published": "2026-11",
   "url": "https://connectedcontinentspress.com/book6/",
   "url_es": "https://connectedcontinentspress.com/libro6/"
  },
  "etef609": {
   "en": "INEGI, quarterly state exports, bulletin 609/26",
   "es": "INEGI, exportaciones trimestrales por entidad federativa, boletín 609/26",
   "published": "2026-09-30",
   "url": "https://www.inegi.org.mx/temas/exportacionesef/"
  },
  "se_rnie": {
   "en": "Secretaría de Economía, foreign direct investment by state of destination, as reproduced by the Chamber of Deputies, Gaceta Parlamentaria",
   "es": "Secretaría de Economía, inversión extranjera directa por entidad de destino, reproducida por la Cámara de Diputados, Gaceta Parlamentaria",
   "published": "2026-04-14",
   "url": "https://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/PDF/66/2026/abr/Inv.Ext.Entidad_destino-20260414.pdf"
  },
  "imco": {
   "en": "IMCO, Índice de Competitividad Estatal 2026",
   "es": "IMCO, Índice de Competitividad Estatal 2026",
   "published": "2026-09-21",
   "url": "https://imco.org.mx/"
  },
  "payroll": {
   "en": "BHR, bulletin on state payroll-tax rates for 2026",
   "es": "BHR, boletín sobre las tasas del impuesto sobre nóminas de 2026",
   "published": "2026-01",
   "url": "https://www.bhrmx.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/PRIMEROS-ESCENARIOS-ESTATALES-CON-AUMENTOS-EN-LA-TASA-DEL-ISN-PARA-2026.pdf"
  },
  "peace": {
   "en": "Institute for Economics and Peace, Mexico Peace Index 2026; USA Department of State travel advisory of 29 May 2026",
   "es": "Institute for Economics and Peace, Índice de Paz México 2026; alerta de viaje del Departamento de Estado de Estados Unidos del 29 de mayo de 2026",
   "published": "2026-05-29",
   "url": "https://www.visionofhumanity.org/"
  },
  "enve": {
   "en": "INEGI, ENVE 2024 (businesses victimized in 2023, per 10,000)",
   "es": "INEGI, ENVE 2024 (unidades económicas víctimas de delito en 2023, por cada 10,000)",
   "published": "2024-12-10",
   "url": "https://www.inegi.org.mx/programas/enve/2024/"
  },
  "itaee": {
   "en": "INEGI, ITAEE first quarter 2026 (change on a year)",
   "es": "INEGI, ITAEE primer trimestre de 2026 (cambio anual)",
   "published": "2026-11",
   "url": "https://www.inegi.org.mx/temas/itaee/"
  },
  "pibe_state": {
   "en": "INEGI, PIB por Entidad Federativa 2024, the state's press release (shares at current prices, growth at constant prices; taxes on products are 100 less the three activities, our arithmetic)",
   "es": "INEGI, PIB por Entidad Federativa 2024, comunicado de la entidad (participación a precios corrientes, crecimiento a precios constantes; los impuestos a los productos son 100 menos las tres actividades: cálculo propio)",
   "published": "2025-12-05",
   "url": "https://www.inegi.org.mx/contenidos/saladeprensa/boletines/2025/pibent/PIBE2024_12_CP_Tamps.pdf"
  },
  "wiki_places": {
   "en": "Wikipedia, the city, airport, port and crossing pages (EN and ES), read 3 November 2026",
   "es": "Wikipedia, páginas de ciudades, aeropuertos, puertos y cruces (en inglés y en español), consultadas el 3 de noviembre de 2026",
   "published": "2026-11-03",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Mexico"
  },
  "wiki_identity": {
   "en": "Wikipedia and the pages listed: Tamaulipas (English Wikipedia) (en); Tamaulipas (Wikipedia en español) (es)",
   "es": "Wikipedia y las páginas citadas: Tamaulipas (English Wikipedia) (en); Tamaulipas (Wikipedia en español) (es)",
   "published": "2026-11-03",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamaulipas"
  },
  "b6c12": {
   "en": "Where to Go in Mexico (Connected Continents Press, 2026), chapter 12, The Landed Cost and Time to Production, State by State",
   "es": "Dónde ubicarse en México (Connected Continents Press, 2026), capítulo 12, el costo puesto en planta y el tiempo a producción, estado por estado",
   "published": "2026-11",
   "url": "https://connectedcontinentspress.com/book6/",
   "url_es": "https://connectedcontinentspress.com/libro6/"
  }
 }
}